Talos Vulnerability Report

SUMMARY

An integer overflow vulnerability exists in the way ESTsoft Alyac 2.5.8.544 parses OLE files. A specially-crafted OLE file can lead to a heap buffer overflow, which can result in arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.

CONFIRMED VULNERABLE VERSIONS

The versions below were either tested or verified to be vulnerable by Talos or confirmed to be vulnerable by the vendor.

ESTsoft Alyac 2.5.8.544

PRODUCT URLS

Alyac - https://www.estsecurity.com/public/product/alyac

CVSSv3 SCORE

7.3 - CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-680 - Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow

DETAILS

Alyac is an antivirus program for Microsoft Windows, developed by ESTsecurity, which is part of ESTsoft.

When Alyac is scanning an OLE formatted file with signature D0 CF 11 E0 A1 B1 1A E1, it executes function sub_180080040 to parse Number of Mini FAT sectors field in the header.

.text:000000018008005B                 mov     [rsp+1048h+var_28], rax
.text:0000000180080063                 mov     rax, [rcx+OLEParser.file_contents_] ; [1]
.text:0000000180080067                 mov     rbx, rcx
.text:000000018008006A                 xor     r15d, r15d
.text:000000018008006D                 mov     ecx, [rax+40h]                      ; [2] file base + 40h -> Number of Mini FAT sectors
.text:0000000180080070                 imul    ecx, [rbx+OLEParser.size_] ; Size   ; [3] sector size * number of sectors
.text:0000000180080074                 cmp     rcx, [rbx+OLEParser.file_size_]
.text:0000000180080078                 jbe     short loc_180080083
.text:000000018008007A                 lea     eax, [r15+9]
.text:000000018008007E                 jmp     loc_1800801B6

In the beginning of the function, the memory address that stores the contents of the file is copied to RAX register [1] and is used to get the value of Number of Mini FAT sectors, which is at the offset +40h from the base of the file [2].

Number of sectors is multiplied by sector size to calculate the size of a heap memory to store contents of sectors [3]. Here, multiplication of two 32-bit unsigned integers is stored to ECX register, causing integer overflow. This overflowed value is used as size when allocating a new heap memory [5].

.text:0000000180080083                 mov     [rsp+1048h+arg_8], rbp
.text:000000018008008B                 mov     [rsp+1048h+arg_10], rsi
.text:0000000180080093                 mov     [rsp+1048h+arg_18], rdi
.text:000000018008009B                 mov     [rsp+1048h+var_18], r14
.text:00000001800800A3                 call    j_??2@YAPEAX_K@Z ; operator new(unsigned __int64)    ; [5]

Later in the function, there is a loop that copies each sector to newly allocated heap memory [6].

.text:0000000180080130                 lea     rdx, [rsp+1048h+Src] ; Src
.text:0000000180080135                 mov     r8d, r14d       ; Size
.text:0000000180080138                 add     rdi, [rbx+OLEParser.minifat_sectors_buf]
.text:000000018008013C                 mov     rcx, rdi        ; void *
.text:000000018008013F                 call    memcpy          ; [6]

However, the allocated buffer is not large enough to store sector size * number of sectors because the size value has been overflowed to a small number when allocating the memory. Therefore repeated copies of each sector will eventually overflow the allocated heap memory.

Following is the crash stack trace when executing the maliciously-crafted OLE file.

# Child-SP          RetAddr               Call Site
00 00000031`9eafe048 00007ff9`f17e0144     VCRUNTIME140!memcpy+0x1e3
01 00000031`9eafe050 00007ff9`f17df966     coen!Coen_Clean+0x6c1b4
02 00000031`9eaff0a0 00007ff9`f17d57fa     coen!Coen_Clean+0x6b9d6
03 00000031`9eaff0e0 00007ff9`f17791c2     coen!Coen_Clean+0x6186a
04 00000031`9eaff420 00007ff9`f1765795     coen!Coen_Clean+0x5232
05 00000031`9eaff5a0 00007ff9`f1773974     coen+0x5795
06 00000031`9eaff6e0 00007ff7`ed3f116b     coen!Coen_ScanPath+0xb4

TIMELINE

2022-06-15 - Vendor Disclosure
2022-08-03 - Public Release
2022-08-03 - Vendor Patch Release